Signs and Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease
The signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s can vary from person to person. Bradykinesia (slowness) is one of the core features of Parkinson's. Additionally, individuals experience a tremor at rest, rigidity, which may present the inability to tap their index finger and thumb rapidly, and tap their foot rhythmically on the floor, and the inability to walk steadily. Some common signs and symptoms are: sleep dysfunction, mood, loss of smell, constipation, excess salivation, and bradykinesia.
Bradykinesia
Bradykinesia is the slowness of movement. Essentially, it can take longer to do simple tasks, walking is slower, and the ability to respond to threats is compromised.
Rigidity and postural instability
May present the inability to tap their index finger and thumb rapidly, and the inability to walk steadily. Posture may be stooped over.
Tremors (at rest)
A tremor is an involuntary movement that causes rhythmic shaking that occurs in one or more parts of the body.
Walking or gait difficulties
Walking may be slower, shuffling, or short-stepped.
Softer, monotone, or slower voice
​Parkinson's may cause hypophonia. The disease affects the muscles needed for speech, leading to reduced volume, breathiness, and sometimes a flat tone.
Dystonia
Dystonia is when muscles are involuntarily contracted. It can present as painful, sustained, or repetitive muscle contractions.